Category: James

“Therefore put away all filthiness and rampant wickedness and receive with meekness the implanted word, which is able to save your souls.”

—James 1:21

The problem is inside us. The solution is outside of us. We must put away and we must receive. This is the generic answer to all of our struggles in sanctification. We must put off the old man in Adam and we must put on the new man in Christ. We must mortify and we must vivify. We must kill and we must enliven. We must put sin to death and we must live in the Spirit.

In this post I aim simply to meditate on the command to put away. What are we to put away? All filthiness and rampant wickedness. James’ choice of the word “filthiness” aids you in putting away what you should put away. Sin is impure and defiling. It is not a thing to be kept near, but put away.

Put away wickedness. Do not call your sins by sweet names. It is wickedness. Ralph Venning is helpful in capturing something of the wickedness of sin when he first quotes and then expands on John Bunyan. 

“Sin is the dare of God’s justice, the rape of his mercy, the jeer of his patience, the slight of his power, the contempt of his love, as one writer prettily expresses this ugly thing. We may go on and say, it is the upbraiding of his providence (Psalm 50), the scoff of his promise (2 Peter 3:3–4), the reproach of his wisdom (Isaiah 29:16). And as is said of the Man of Sin (i.e. who is made up of sin) it opposes and exalts itself above all that is called God (and above all that God is called), so that it as God sitteth in the temple of God, showing itself as if it were God (2 Thessalonians 2:4).” 

That sin you cling to, realize its filth. That darling you treasure in your heart, realize its wickedness. These are not things to be kept dear but to be repulsed by.

And put them away, do not put them aside. When you clean up some putrid refuse, you don’t sit the dirty rag next to you to later admire it. You are forever done with it. Put away sin like a vomit soaked paper towel. If you have a child or a pet, then chances are good that you have that article of clothing or blanket that was soiled with something so nasty that you did not bother to wash it. Straight into the trash it goes and not soon enough. That is how we must think of our sin. Thomas Manton cautions,

“You can never part with sin soon enough; it is a cursed inmate, that will surely bring mischief upon the soul that harbours it. It will set its own dwelling on fire. If there be a mote in the eye, a thorn in the foot, we take them out without delay; and is not sin a greater mischief, and sooner to be looked into and parted with? Certainly the evil of sin is greater than all evil, and hereafter the trouble will be greater; therefore we can never soon enough part with it.”

And we must do this with all sin. Not some. All! Put away all filthiness and rampant wickedness. Tolerating some sin in your life is like tolerating some part of a house fire. John Owen warns, “Do you mortify; do you make it your daily work; be always at it whilst you live; cease not a day from this work; be killing sin or it will be killing you.”

Put away all sin.

Put away all sin.

Put away all sin.

“Do not be deceived, my beloved brothers.”

—James 1:16

Do not be deceived, about what?!

Do not be deceived, the man who remains steadfast under trail will receive the crown of life? 

Do not be deceived, each person is tempted when they are lured and enticed by their own desire? 

Do not be deceived, sin when it has fully grown brings forth death?

There is truth in all these answers contrary to the lie of James’ concern. Still, none of them gets to the root. James has, what I believe we may say is the fundamental, basic and primitive deception in mind. The answer is found within v. 13. “Let no one say when he is tempted, ‘I am being tempted by God,’ for God cannot be tempted with evil, and he himself tempts no one.”

Do not be deceived—about God! Do not be deceived into thinking that temptation has its source in God. It is far more dangerous to be deceived that God is bad than that sin is good. Belief that God is bad is at the core of what makes sin, sin. It is the very sinfulness of sin. All sin is unbelief. All sin involves not believing God to be all that He is in all of His perfections. All sin is a willingly received deception about who God is. But it is less dangerous that the unbelief be indirect rather than direct. It is less dangerous to covet than it is to deceived that God cannot satisfy. It is less dangerous to believe that sin can please than to believe that God cannot. The first lie is an acorn. The second is a mature oak heavy with acorns. If you retain some belief that God is good, you have something with which to fight covetousness. If you believe that God is bad, you have nothing left with which to fight. You have a sin not contrary to covetousness, but one which births covetousness. If you do not believe God to be infinitely desirable, then you have nothing with which to fight sinful desires. You cannot fight envy as Asaph did saying, “Whom have I in heaven but you? And there is nothing on earth that I desire besides you” (Psalm 73:25). Do not be deceived about God! Such deceit is the sin of sin.

A.W. Tozer opened his classic The Knowledge of the Holy with this sentence, “What comes into our minds when we think about God is the most important thing about us” (p. 1). Eve’s greatest deception was not that the fruit was good, but that God was bad. The serpent’s question sowed a seed of doubt in her mind—doubt of God’s Word and doubt of God’s goodness. “Now the serpent was more crafty than any other beast of the field that the LORD God had made. He said to the woman, ‘Did God actually say, “You shall not eat of any tree in the garden”?’” (Genesis 3:1). The serpent sowed doubt in God’s Word into order to sow doubt of God’s goodness. Eve knew she may eat of trees of the garden, but subtly a thought had been planted that God may be holding back.

Is it not just such a lie that we are prone to believe? We may trust that Jesus loves us and the Spirit abides in us, but how often do we doubt the Father’s love? Dear children, do not be deceived about God, the Father. Every good and every perfect gift comes down from the Father of lights with whom there is no variation or shadow due to change.

Blessed is the man who remains steadfast under trial, for when he has stood the test he will receive the crown of life, which God has promised to those who love him.

—James 1:12

“Blessed” is a familiar yet distant term. We might occasionally speak of being blessed, but we don’t go around pronouncing beatitudes like “blessed is the man who remains steadfast under trial.” Though prosperity preachers may speak much of being “blessed,”  I’m afraid it is not just they that have an impoverished idea of blessedness.

To understand blessedness we need to understand both the God of the covenants and the covenants of God. First then, the God of the covenants. 1 Timothy 1:11 might contain my favorite phrase in all the Bible. There Paul writes to Timothy of “the gospel of the glory of the blessed God.” Paul writes of the good news of the radiance of the happy God. The reference point for what blessedness means is God Himself. He is the blessed God. Our God is eternally, unchangingly, and infinitely delighted in Himself. Father, Son, and Spirit are so joyful, that their happiness overflows into good news for man.

This leads us to our next consideration, the covenants of God. God’s blessedness overflows. God purposes for His blessedness to overflow onto man. These purposes are covenantal in structure. What is implicit in the covenant of creation made with Adam, is explicit in the Mosaic Covenant made with Israel. Moses explained that if Israel remained faithful (steadfast) to the covenant, blessedness would overtake them. 

“And if you faithfully obey the voice of the LORD your God, being careful to do all his commandments that I command you today, the LORD your God will set you high above all the nations of the earth. And all these blessings shall come upon you and overtake you, if you obey the voice of the LORD your God. Blessed shall you be in the city, and blessed shall you be in the field. Blessed shall be the fruit of your womb and the fruit of your ground and the fruit of your cattle, the increase of your herds and the young of your flock. Blessed shall be your basket and your kneading bowl” (Deuteronomy 28:1–5).

Inversely, if they failed to keep covenant, they would be cursed. 

“But if you will not obey the voice of the LORD your God or be careful to do all his commandments and his statutes that I command you today, then all these curses shall come upon you and overtake you. Cursed shall you be in the city, and cursed shall you be in the field. Cursed shall be your basket and your kneading bowl. Cursed shall be the fruit of your womb and the fruit of your ground, the increase of your herds and the young of your flock. Cursed shall you be when you come in, and cursed shall you be when you go out” (Deuteronomy 28:15–19).

Blessedness and cursedness have to do with our relation to the Triune blessed God and that relation is covenantal.

What is the covenant context for the blessedness James speaks of here? What specific covenant is in view when James speaks of being blessed for remaining steadfast under trial? It is remaining steadfast to Christ in the New Covenant. Jesus spoke of this blessedness when He said, “Blessed are you when others revile you and persecute you and utter all kinds of evil against you falsely on my account. Rejoice and be glad, for your reward is great in heaven, for so they persecuted the prophets who were before you” (Matthew 5:11–12). Hear again the New Covenant connotations for blessedness to those who remain steadfast in Hebrews 12:1–2. “[L]et us run with endurance the race that is set before us, looking to Jesus, the founder and perfecter of our faith, who for the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising the shame, and is seated at the right hand of the throne of God.”

Oh how shallow is our conception of blessedness! Yes, many of us are richly blessed with many earthly joys for which God is due all praise and thanksgiving, but this is neither the foundation nor pinnacle of blessedness. Blessedness is covenantal union and communion with the blessed God and this blessedness comes to us as good news in Jesus Christ.

It is for our shallow conceptions of blessedness that we might have to think hard on Thomas Manton’s commentary on these verses.

“Afflictions do not make the people of God miserable. …Afflictions cannot diminish his happiness: a man is never miserable till he hath lost his happiness. Our comfort lieth much in the choice of our chiefest good. …they that say, ‘Happy is the people whose God is the Lord,’ that is, that count it their happiness to enjoy God, when they lose all, they may be happy, because they have not lost God. Our afflictions discover our choice and affections; when outward crosses are the greatest evil, it is a sign God was not the chiefest good.”

For those who love God, not only can trials not diminish our blessedness, James would have us understand, they can only serve to make it greater.

Let the lowly brother boast in his exaltation, and the rich in his humiliation…

—James 1:9–10a

James’ two commands in this passage “rhyme” with his first command: “Count it all joy, my brothers, when you meet trials of various kinds.” The “rhyme” becomes more apparent to your ears as you acclimate to this “heavenly language,” but for now, this much should be clear, all of these commands are for brothers, all are odd, and all of them concern joy.

The word you have as “boast” in v. 9 is the same word translated “rejoice” in Romans 5:3; a text which proves especially significant in linking all these commands together. “[W]e rejoice [boast] in hope of the glory of God. Not only that, but we rejoice [boast] in our sufferings, knowing that suffering produces endurance.” Christian brothers are commanded rejoice in their trials. Those who are lowly are commanded to rejoice in their exaltation and those who are rich are commanded to rejoice in their humiliation. All commands for brothers. All odd commands. All commands to rejoice.

But “rejoice” doesn’t quite capture the fullness of this word. It does have the sense of boasting or glorying. To get some idea of what James calls on us to do here, lets observe Paul doing it in Philippians 3:3–11. What Paul says there doesn’t directly concern poverty and riches, but I believe you will be able to hear again the same “rhyme” in Paul as we have here in James.

“For we are the circumcision, who worship by the Spirit of God and glory [boast, rejoice] in Christ Jesus and put no confidence [i.e. we don’t boast or glory] in the flesh— though I myself have reason for confidence in the flesh also. If anyone else thinks he has reason for confidence in the flesh, I have more: circumcised on the eighth day, of the people of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin, a Hebrew of Hebrews; as to the law, a Pharisee; as to zeal, a persecutor of the church; as to righteousness under the law, blameless. But whatever gain I had, I counted [a similar kind of accounting as that presented in James 1:1] as loss for the sake of Christ. Indeed, I count everything as loss because of the surpassing worth of knowing Christ Jesus my Lord. For his sake I have suffered the loss of all things and count them as rubbish, in order that I may gain Christ and be found in him, not having a righteousness of my own that comes from the law, but that which comes through faith in Christ, the righteousness from God that depends on faith— that I may know him and the power of his resurrection [exaltation], and may share his sufferings, becoming like him in his death [humiliation], that by any means possible I may attain the resurrection from the dead.”

Do you see Paul, your brother in the Lord, both boasting in his exaltation and in his humiliation? This is the odd, peculiar kind of boasting James is calling us to here, whether we be rich or poor in this life. What Paul does helps you see the single essence that underlies both of these commands in James. That something singular does indeed underlie both boastings is also evident when Paul speaks of the wisdom that trials have taught him in Philippians 4:11–13.

“Not that I am speaking of being in need, for I have learned in whatever situation I am to be content. I know how to be brought low, and I know how to abound. In any and every circumstance, I have learned the secret of facing plenty and hunger, abundance and need. I can do all things through him who strengthens me.”

A singular secret underlies meeting both situations with contentment. What is this singular foundation? One’s union with Christ. The poor, in particular, are to glory in their unity with Christ in His exaltation, while the rich, in particular, are to glory in their unity with Christ in His humiliation. If the poor share in Christ’s exultation in heaven, the rich share in Christ’s humiliation on earth.

There is a singular, foundational, fundamental reality behind both of these boastings.

“Thus says the LORD: ‘Let not the wise man boast in his wisdom, let not the mighty man boast in his might, let not the rich man boast in his riches, but let him who boasts boast in this, that he understands and knows me, that I am the LORD who practices steadfast love, justice, and righteousness in the earth. For in these things I delight, declares the LORD’” (Jeremiah 9:23–24).

How is it that we come to know Yahweh who practices steadfast love, justice, and righteousness in the earth? Supremely, it is through the cross of Christ. “But far be it from me to boast except in the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ, by the world has been crucified to me, and I to the world” (Galatians 6:14). Here, the poor are being called on to boast in the riches gained by the cross of Christ and the rich are called on to boast in their sharing in the humiliation of the cross of Christ. Fundamentally, both are called on to rejoice in Christ—the Christ who humbled Himself on earth and who is now exalted in heaven.

Count it all joy, my brothers, when you meet trials of various kinds.”

—James 1:2

This is heavenly arithmetic. No earthly computation can can account for meeting all kinds of trials as all joy. Only the resurrection makes sense of this. The resurrection is the “x” variable that allows you to solve this problem. “If in Christ we have hope in this life only, we are of all people most to be pitied” (1 Corinthians 15:19). But we do not hope in this life only. “For I consider that the sufferings of this present time are not worth comparing with the glory that is to be revealed to us” (Romans 8:18).

We are to weigh the things of this earth according to the gravity of the new earth. We are to weigh the things of this earth according to the atmospheric pressure of heaven above. “So we do not lose heart. Though our outer self is wasting away, our inner self is being renewed day by day. For this light momentary affliction is preparing for us an eternal weight of glory beyond all comparison, as we look not to the things that are seen but to the things that are unseen. For the things that are seen are transient, but the things that are unseen are eternal” (2 Corinthians 4:16–18). Thomas Manton wrote, “A Christian liveth above the world, because he doth not judge according to the world.” Because the Christian’s soul flies to heaven while his body endures earthly flames, he is a rare bird. Manton said, “A Christian is a bird that can sing in winter as well as in spring.”

The slave of Christ can “count is all joy” when he meets “trials of various kinds.” This command to do heavenly arithmetic is one that involves the whole of us. We are exhorted to exercise our will (you count) to use our mind (count) to steer the affections (rejoice).

The use of the mind to do this heavenly computation can be seen in the King James translation of Romans 8:18. “For I reckon that the sufferings of this present time are not worthy to be compared with the glory which shall be revealed in us.” We are to reckon—to compute, reason, calculate, tabulate, or account the sufferings of this present time, not as nothing in themselves, but as nothing in comparison with the glory that lies ahead.

Moses knew how to do this kind of math: “By faith Moses, when he was grown up, refused to be called the son of Pharaoh’s daughter, choosing rather to be mistreated with the people of God than to enjoy the fleeting pleasures of sin. He considered the reproach of Christ greater wealth than the treasures of Egypt, for he was looking to the reward. By faith he left Egypt, not being afraid of the anger of the king, for he endured as seeing him who is invisible.” (Hebrews 11:24–27).

Paul understood this math: “Yea doubtless, and I count all things but loss for the excellency of the knowledge of Christ Jesus my Lord: for whom I have suffered the loss of all things, and do count them but dung, that I may win Christ” (Philippians 4:8).

We are to exercise our will to do this kind of math to steer the affections. We are not just to reckon it joy, we are to rejoice! This is no call for an exercise in theoretical mathematics, but applied arithmetic. It is not enough to do the math in our mind. We must apply it to it our heart. We have to show our work. Our counting should show in our countenance. “And they [the apostles] departed from the presence of the council, rejoicing that they were counted worthy to suffer shame for his name” (Acts 5:41). The saints find that the afflictions of this world sever their ties to earth and endear their hearts for heaven. Thomas Brooks declared, “Afflictions are the saints’ best benefactors to heavenly affections; where afflictions hang heaviest, corruptions hang loosest.”

“In fine, Saint John’s Gospel and his first epistle, Saint Paul’s epistles, especially those to the Romans, Galatians, Ephesians, and Saint Peter’s first epistle,—these are the books which show thee Christ, and teach thee everything that is needful and blessed for thee to know even though thou never see or hear any other book or doctrine. Therefore is Saint James’s epistle a right strawy epistle in comparison with them, for it has no gospel character to it.”

—Martin Luther

Contrary to how some have misconstrued this, Luther did not deny the inspiration and value of James, but he did disparage it as secondary in relation to other books. So zealous was Luther for the truth of the gospel and justification by faith, that he had little use for a book of the Bible that he could not utilize for the great cause of the Reformation. Herein was his strength and herein was his weakness.

But when the good Shepherd puts straw in the manger without the Babe, you can trust him that you need the fiber. And you can trust He who sent the Spirit to give us this book, knowing that the straw is surely not far from the bread and the wine.

In the same way that Proverbs assumes redemption, so too does James. And when you realize this, you can perceive that in a way, Jesus is more present in this letter than he is in any other. Douglas Moo states, “James depends more than any other NT author on the teaching Jesus.” And again, “while Jesus’ person and work might be generally absent, his teaching is not. No NT document is more influenced by the teaching of Jesus than James.” James draws heavily on what would become the synoptic tradition, especially as we see it presented in Matthew. 

More narrowly, referring to the Sermon on the Mount, John MacArthur writes, James “may be viewed as a practical commentary on our Lord’s sermon.” If you doubt that Jesus pervades the book of James, read it alongside the Sermon on the Mount a few times and see if the doubt persists.

When you understand this, I believe it radically impacts how you understand James when He refers to the “royal law” (2:8). Yes, James is full of law, but it is as considered the royal law, the law of the Lord Jesus Christ. The royal law then is on par with what Paul speaks of in Galatians 6:2 as “the law of Christ.” The significance of this expression can be seen in that though James can be said to make much of the law, he makes nothing of the ceremonial or civil aspects of the law. James considers the law in light of the one who declared, “Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them” (Matthew 5:17).

So whenever the commands of James pierce with conviction and lie heavy on your conscience, do not forget the gospel that he assumes of his reader. Paul makes plain what James assumes in Romans 8:1–4.

“There is therefore now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus. For the law of the Spirit of life has set you free in Christ Jesus from the law of sin and death. For God has done what the law, weakened by the flesh, could not do. By sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and for sin, he condemned sin in the flesh, in order that the righteous requirement of the law might be fulfilled in us, who walk not according to the flesh but according to the Spirit.”

Luther is reputed to have said, “Oh, how sweet are the commandments of God to us when we receive them not as they are in the book, but as they are in the wounds of Christ.” Oh that Luther had eyes to clearly see all the commands of James as coming to us in the wounds of Christ! This is not an epistle of straw. It is a sweet epistle.

“Our pleasure and our duty, Though opposite before,
Since we have seen his beauty, Are join’d to part no more :
It is our highest pleasure, No less than duty’s call,
To love him beyond measure, And serve him with our all.”
—John Newton